Uloga fizičkog vježbanja na smanjenje adhd sindroma kod djece školskog uzrasta

Volume 14, Issue 2 (2024)

Uloga fizičkog vježbanja na smanjenje adhd sindroma kod djece školskog uzrasta
Olivera Krivokapić
Apstrakt: 
Poremećaj pažnje i hiperaktivnosti (ADHD) koji karakteriše razvojno neodgovarajući nivo pažnje, hiperaktivnost i impulsivnost, smatra se jednim od najčešćih neurorazvojnih poremećaja u školskom uzrastu. Broj djece sa dijagnozom ADHD je u konstantnom porastu u većini razvijenih i zemalja u razvoju. Ovaj poremećaj često ima komorbiditete sa drugim neurorazvojnim poremećajima kao što su poremećaj ponašanja, specifični poremećaji učenja, depresija, anksioznost i poremećaji raspoloženja. Globalna stopa prevalencije ADHD je preko 5% i oko tri puta je češća kod muškaraca nego kod žena. Simptomi poremećaja pažnje i hiperaktivnosti se mogu smatrati ograničenjima za akademski napredak. Prema brojnim istraživanjima fizička aktivnost može pomoći u poboljšanju simptoma i omogućiti učenicima da se bolje fokusiraju na školske i druge svakodnevne obaveze. Iz tog razloga, ovaj rad je posvećen analizi pozitivnih uticaja organizovanog fizičkog vježbanja na ADHD sindrom djece školskog uzrasta kroz pregled nekih referentnih istraživačkih studija.
Ključne riječi: 
poremećaj pažnje, hiperaktivnost, školski uzrast, fizičko vježbanje
Puni tekst: 
PDF
DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/SSH2402217K
Reference: 
American Psychiatric Association, & DSM Task Force. (2017). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. American Psychiatric
Association.
Archer, T. & Kostrzewa, R. M. (2012) Physical exercise alleviates ADHD symptoms: regional deficits and development trajectory. Neurotoxicity
Research, 21, 195–209.
Berwid, O. G. & Halperin, J. M. (2012) Emerging support for a role of exercise in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder intervention planning.
Current Psychiatry Reports, 14, 543–551.
Chan, S.; Zhang, D.; Bögels, S.M.; Chan, C.S.; Lai, K.Y.C.; Lo, H.H.M.; Yip, B.H.K.; Lau, E.N.S.; Gao, T.T.; Wong, S.Y.S. (2018). Effects
of a mindfulness-based intervention (MYmind) for children with ADHD and their parents: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
BMJ Open 8, e022514.
Chang, Y. K., Liu, S., Yu,H.H.& Lee, Y.H. (2012) Effect of acute exercise on executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 27, 225–237.
Choi, J. W., Han, D. H., Kang, K. D., Jung, H. Y. & Renshaw, P. F. (2015) Aerobic exercise and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: brain
research. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 47, 33–39.
Christiansen, L.; Beck, M.M.; Bilenberg, N.; Wienecke, J.; Astrup, A.; Lundbye-Jensen, J. (2019). Effects of Exercise on Cognitive Performance
in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: Potential Mechanisms and Evidence-based Recommendations. J. Clin. Med. 8, 841.
Dong, L., Deng, W., Wenlai, C., Jin, Y., Wanli, Z., and Chenmu L. (2023) Effects of different physical activity interventions on children with
attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front. Neurosci. 17:1139263.
Erskine H. E., Norman R. E., Ferrari A. J., Chan G. C., Copeland W. E., Whiteford H. A., Scott J. G. (2016). Long-term outcomes of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child
and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(10), 841–850.
Gapin J, Etnier JL. (2010) The relationship between physical activity and executive function performance in children with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2010;32:753–63.
Gapin, J. I., Labban, J. D. & Etnier, J. L. (2011) The effects of physical activity on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: the evidence.
Preventive Medicine, 52 Suppl 1, S70–S74.
Golubovic, S., & Milutinovic, D. (2014). Benefits of physical exercises in developing certain fitness levels in children with hyperactivity.
Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(7), 594-600.
Heijer, A.E.; Groen, Y.; Tucha, L.; Fuermaier, A.B.; Koerts, J.; Lange, K.W.; Thome, J.; Tucha, O. (2017) The effects of physical exercise on
cognition and behavior in children and adults with ADHD: A systematic literature review. J. Neural Transm. 124, 3–26.
Hoza, B., & Smith, A. (2014). A randomized trial examining the effects of aerobic physical activity on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
symptoms in young children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43(4), 655-667.
Kang, K. D., Choi, J. W., Kang, S. G. & Han, D. H. (2011) Sports therapy for attention, cognitions and sociality. International Journal of Sports
Medicine, 32, 953–959.
Mackune, A., Puatz, J., Lombard, J. (2003) Behavioural response to exercise in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. SA Sports
Medicine, 15, 17–21.
Meppelink, R. (2016). Meditation or medication? Mindfulness training versus medication in the treatment of childhood ADHD: A randomized
controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, 8(2), 33-36.
Montalva, F., Andrades, O., Castillo, A.(2022). Effects of Physical Activity, Exercise and Sport on Executive Function in Young People with
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity. Journal Investigation in Health Psychol. Educ.12, 61–76.
Pontifex, M. B., Saliba, B. J., Raine, L. B., Picchietti, D. L. & Hillman, C. H. (2013) Exercise improves behavioral, neurocognitive, and scholastic
performance in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Pediatrics, 162, 543–551.
Rowland AS, Lesesne CA, Abramowitz AJ. (2002). The epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a public health
view. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev; 8:162–70.
Sibley, M.H.; Swanson, J.M.; Le Arnold Hechtman, L.T.; Owens, E.B.; Stehli, A.; Pelham, W.E. (2017). Defining ADHD symptom persistence
in adulthood: Optimizing sensitivity and specificity. J. Child Psychol. 58, 655–662.
Tantillo, M., Kesick, C. M., Hynd, G. W. & Dishman, R. K. (2002) The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivitydisorder.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34, 203–212.
Urbina, A.J.; Garcia-Hermoso, A.; Sanchez-Lopez, M.; Pardo-Guijarro, M.J.; Santos, J.L.; Martinez-Vizcaino, V. (2015) The effects of physical
exercise in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.
Child Care Health Dev. 41, 779–788.
Verret, C., Guay, M. C., Berthiaume, C., Gardiner, P. & Beliveau, L. (2012) A physical activity program improves behavior and cognitive functions
in children with ADHD: an exploratory study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 16, 71–80.
Wigal, S.B.; Emmerson, N.; Gehricke, J.G.; Galassetti, P. (2013). Exercise: Applications to childhood ADHD. J. Atten. Disord. 17, 279–290.
Yu Zang (2019) Impact of physical exercise on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. Evidence through a meta-analysis.
Medicine 98:46